2016/01/29 Maven 打包专题

可执行jar包

pom.xml

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <descriptorRefs>
                    <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                </descriptorRefs>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <mainClass>com.rolex.tools.Ashbringer</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

使用命令

mvn assembly:assembly

可生成可执行 jar 包。
将打包和 maven 的 package 阶段绑定，加入

<executions>
    <execution>
        <id>make-assembly</id>
        <phase>package</phase>
        <goals>
            <goal>attached</goal>
        </goals>
    </execution>
</executions>

可以直接使用

mvn package

打包。
配置文件是打在 jar 包里边的，所以想灵活的使用外部配置文件，此方法并不合适。

jar 包

jar-with-dependencies

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.3"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.3 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.3.xsd">
    <!-- TODO: a jarjar format would be better -->
    <id>jar-with-dependencies</id>
    <formats>
        <format>jar</format>
    </formats>
    <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
    <dependencySets>
        <dependencySet>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
            <unpack>true</unpack>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependencySet>
    </dependencySets>
</assembly>

包含第三方 jar

如果在项目中使用中央仓库没有的第三方 jar 或是自己开发的 jar ，可以使用系统路径的方式引入。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rolex.jmeter.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>jmeter-test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <scope>system</scope>
    <systemPath>${project.basedir}/libs/certNoToMd5.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>

这样可以引入仓库中没有的 jar 。
但是，这样写在打包的时候并不会将外部 jar 打到 jar 中，在执行是会报找不到定义的类的异常。解决方案有两种:

  1. 将目录移到 resources 下。
  2. 在 pom.xml 中加入 resources 配置
    <build>
 <resources>
     <resource>
         <targetPath>libs/</targetPath>
         <directory>libs/</directory>
         <includes>
             <include>**/certNoToMd5.jar</include>
         </includes>
     </resource>
 </resources>
</build>

war 包

ear 包

tar.gz

针对开发、测试、生产环境各自有一套配置文件是，可将工程打 tgz 包部署，解压后使用软连接引用不同环境的配置。
文件目录如下：

project
    bin/
    etc/
    lib/
    sql/
    src/main/assembly/assembly.xml
    src/main/java
    src/main/resources
    target/
    pom.xml
    README.md

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.rolex.maven.samples</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-samples</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.build.timestamp.format>yyyyMMddHHmm</maven.build.timestamp.format>
        <java-version>1.8</java-version>
    </properties>

    <profiles>
        <!-- 防止idea每次更新pom都重置jdk设置 -->
        <profile>
            <id>jdk-1.8</id>
            <activation>
                <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
                <jdk>${java-version}</jdk>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <maven.compiler.source>${java-version}</maven.compiler.source>
                <maven.compiler.target>${java-version}</maven.compiler.target>
                <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>${java-version}</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

    <dependencies>
        ...
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java-version}</source>
                    <target>${java-version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 解决依赖jar包插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <!-- 将jar拷贝到lib目录 -->
                            <outputDirectory>${project.basedir}/lib</outputDirectory>
                            <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
                            <overWriteSnapshots>true</overWriteSnapshots>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 打tgz包插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
                    <finalName>${project.artifactId}-${maven.build.timestamp}</finalName>
                    <descriptors>
                        <descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
                    </descriptors>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <!-- 设置中央仓库 -->
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

assembly.xml

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">
    <id>distribution</id>
    <formats>
        <format>tgz</format>
    </formats>
    <fileSets>
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <!-- 需要打进tgz包的文件和目录 -->
                <include>lib/**/*</include>
                <include>bin/**/*</include>
                <include>sql/**/*</include>
                <include>etc/**/*</include>
                <include>README*</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.basedir}/target/classes</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/target/classes</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.class</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
    </fileSets>
</assembly>

assembly 的详细属性说明参考http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly.html

使用命令

mvn clean package

可生成 tgz 包。



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